Who was the Catholic pope who was actually married before he became pope and refused to adopt celibacy or give up his wife when he ascended the papal throne?

I am guessing the first Pope. Saint-Peter.

That's not what I have, Mozart, but I see where you're coming from.

I am sure that you are looking for Pope Adrian II (also known as Hadrian II), pope from 867 to 872, the last "officially" married pope. He had married before he was elected pope, and refused to put away his wife Stephania when he became pope. For a while he, his wife, and a daughter lived in the Lateran Palace together.

Actually, for over half its existence, the Catholic church has allowed married popes.

Sipe (1990) adds interesting evidence for the persistence of a married clergy He enumerates six popes (from 400-1000 CE) who were sons of popes and nine who were sons of either bishops or priests. Lea (1957) also indicates that there was a wide variation throughout the Christian West of the practice of the sacerdotal celibacy as well as a married priesthood. Brown's (1988) evidence also points to this variation. - Sociology of Religion, Spring, 1998, by Don Swenson

Pope Felix II (483492), a widower upon his ordination, was the great-grandfather of Pope Gregory 1(590-604); Pope Hormisdas (514-523) was the father of Pope Silverius (536-537.) All four popes were canonized. In later years there were to be similarly close relations between several Popes, but not in such happy circumstances due to the children being illegitimate.
http://www.unavoceca.org/Archives/

During the first 1,000 years of Christianity, of course, many clergy, including some popes, were married men. A number of popes in fact, including Gregory the Great (590-604), were children or descendants of married bishops and priests, and other popes. The first general law in the Western church binding clergy to a celibate life came in the late part of the fourth century, with decrees by popes, beginning with Pope Damasus (366-384) and regional councils in Europe and Africa.

The movement toward clerical celibacy culminated for the universal church in the 12th century, when the First and Second Lateran Councils declared such marriages illict and invalid.
- http://www.byzantines.net

Below is a partial list of married popes, popes who were the children of priests, etc. - complied from various sources

St. Peter, Apostle D.C. - 64 A.D. First married pope.
St. Felix III 483 - 492 Two children.
St. Hormidas 514 - 523 Married before ordination.
St. Silverus 536 - 537 Wife's name: Antonia.
Hadrian II 867 - 872 One daughter.
Clement IV 1265 - 1268 Two daughters.
Felix V 1439 - 1449 One son.
Pope/ Reign/ Father
St. Damasus I 366 - 384 St. Lorenzo, priest
St. Innocent I 401 - 417 Pope Anastasius I
Boniface 418 - 422 A priest
St. Felix 483 - 492 A priest
Anastasius II 496 - 498 A priest
St. Agapitus I 535 - 536 Gordianus, priest
St. Silverius 536 - 537 Pope St. Hormidas
Deusdedit 615 - 618 Stephen, sub-deacon
Theodore I 642 - 649 A bishop
Marinus I 882 - 884 A priest
Boniface VI 896 Bishop Hadrian
John XI 931 - 935 Pope Sergius III
John XV 989 - 996 Leo, priest

POPES WHO FATHERED CHILDREN AFTER THE CELIBACY LAW OF 1139
Innocent III 1484 - 1492 Several children.
Alexander VI 1492 - 1503 2 grandchildren were Cardinals.
Julius 1503 - 1513 Three daughters.
Paul III 1534 - 1549 One daughter, three sons.
Pius IV 1559 - 1565 Three sons.
Gregory XIII 1572 - 1585 One son.

There is also strong evidence for an even more interesting pope, but that will be for another thread.

Let's see, DG, if you're correct --- yeah, I was looking for Pope Adrian II. Thanks for all of the other information --- pretty interesting.